(Our Tech Blog) Good morning loyal readers. Yes I'm bored with that info-tech that it wrote? Okay, in this post I will discuss the history and types of microphones. This article I got from the largest forum in Indonesia, namely kaskus.us
HISTORY
Origin History of Microphone is a type of transducer that converts acoustic energy-the energy (sound waves) into electrical signals. The microphone is one tool to help human communication. Microphones are used in many devices such as telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, and forced-air radio and television.
The term comes from Greek microphone microscope which means small and the font, which means voice or sound. This term originally referred to the hearing aids for low-intensity sound. The discovery of the microphone is very important in the early development of the telephone. At the beginning of his invention, the microphone used on the phone, and with a growing time, the microphone used in radio transmitter to the various other uses. The discovery of a practical microphone is very important in the early development of the telephone. Several inventors have created primitive microphones prior to Alexander Graham Bell.
In 1827, Sir Charles Wheatstone had developed a microphone. He was the first to create a "microphone phrase." Subsequently, in 1876, Emile Berliner invents the first microphone used as a telephone voice transmitter.'s First commercially practical microphone was the carbon microphone which was found in October 1876 by Thomas Edison. In 1878 , David Edward Hughes also took part in the development of the carbon microphone. Microphone carbon is experiencing growth until the 1920's.
James West and Gerhard Sessler also plays a major role in the development of the microphone. They patented their findings that electric microphone in 1964. At that time, the microphone offers something that is not owned by a microphone before, namely a low price, so it can be accessible by all consumers. Another part in the history of revolusionalisasi microphone is a microphone in the industry which allows the public to get it. Nearly one million microphones produced annually. Then in the 1970s, dynamic microphones and condenser microphones began to be developed. This microphone has a high level of sensitivity. Therefore, until now the microphone is used in the broadcasting world.
USEFULNESS
Microphones are used in some devices such as telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, forced-air radio and television, and so on. Basically the microphone is useful for making a low-intensity noise becomes louder. Selection of the microphone must be done more carefully. This is done to prevent the microphone from the reduced ability of the optimal performance. To be effective, the microphone used must be balanced between the source of the sound to be sampled, such as the human voice, musical instruments, sound of a vehicle, or the other with a sound system that is used as sound systems for live music, recording equipment, motorcycle GP racing arena, and so on
CHARACTERISTICS
Microphone characteristics that must be considered when choosing a microphone is:
1. The principle of the workings of the microphone
2. Area frequency response sound is capable of sampled microphone
3. Angle or direction of the microphone sampling
4. The resulting electrical signal output microphone
5. Physical shape microphone
TYPES
1. Carbon microphone
Carbon microphone is a microphone made of a metal diagrams located at one end of a cylindrical metal box. The workings of the microphone is based on the variable resistance where there is a link that connects the diaphragm with a grain of carbon in the microphone. Changes in the existing sound vibrations will cause the resistance value changes as well, resulting in changes to the microphone output signal.
2. Variable reluctance microphone
Variable reluctance microphone is a microphone made of a diaphragm made from magnetic. How it works based on the magnetic diaphragm movement. If the air pressure in the diaphragm increases because of the sound vibrations, the air gap in the magnetic circuit will be reduced, consequently diminishing reluctance and cause changes in the magnetic concentrated magnetic structure. These changes lead to changes in the signal coming out of the microphone.
3. Moving coil microphone
Moving coil microphone is a microphone made of induction coil that rolled on a cylinder made from non-magnetic and attached to the diaphragm, and then installed into the air gap of a permanent magnet. While the wire-wire electrical connector attached to the diaphragm is made of nonmetallic materials. If the diaphragm moves because of the sound waves are captured, then the coil will move back and forth within the magnetic field, so comes a change that passes through the magnetic coil and generate electrical signals.
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